51 Pages, Chapter 1-5
MS Word
08062235854
Water-borne diseases are sometimes acquired in home, restaurant, and schools through dishes, plates, cups and water reservoir equipments. School children water bottle can be contaminated direct or indirectly by microorganisms. The degree of the contaminated water is from a polluted source or the water is located in a septic environment or was handled by a contaminated person.
The study was carried out to determine the microbial contamination in public primary school children water bottles in Ago-Iwoye, Ijebu-North Local Government, Ogun State Nigeria.Forty school children water bottle were sampled. Sterile swab sticks were used to rub the mouth part, cover lid of the bottles and 20mls of water contained in the water bottle were obtained for the analysis. All these were cultured in the laboratory microbiologically using Nutrient Agar, MacConkey Agar, Blood Agar, Cetrimide Agar and Sabouroid Dextrose Agar. The bacterial isolates from the study were examined and identified biochemically by standard bacteriological methods. The fungal isolates were identified by their colonial morphology and microscopic characteristics.The total number and percentage of occurrence of isolated bacterial organisms were Staphylococcus aureus4(10.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa2(5.3%), Escherichia coli 6(15.8%), Bacillus spp. 4(10.5%), Salmonella enterica4(10.5%), Vibrocholerae 3(7.9%), Shigella spp. 4(10.5%), Streptococcus faecalis 3(7.9%), Enterococcus spp. 2(5.3%), Streptococcus epidermidis2(5.3%), Streptococcus pyogenes1(2.6%), Klebsiellapneumoniae1(2.6%).Nine fungal isolates were isolated and presented as follows: Aspergillusflavus1(11.11%), Aspergillusniger2(22.22%), Penicillium sp. 2(22.22%), Fusarium sp. 1(11.11), Candidaalbican 2(22.22) and molds 1(11.11%).The study clearly revealed that most of the water bottle sampled for microbial contamination carried pathogenic bacterial and fungal. This result indicate that the school children can easily be infected since they possess inadequate immunity. Contamination might be as a result of sharing the water bottle among themselves because some of them might have mouth infection. If government can provide potable in every primary school, that will reduce the risk of bringing contaminated water from their homes.Government needs to provide portable water in every public school to reduce the use of water bottle by school children. Parent should take proper care of their children’s water bottle and Teachers and Proprietress should give hygienic education to school children on thow to keep and take care of their water bottle themselves.
Keywords: Microbial contamination, Water Bottle, Poor hygiene, Children, School.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
1.2 Aim and Objectives
1.3 Justification
1.4 Significance of the Study
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Communicable Diseases in School
2.1.1 Etiological Agents of Communicable Diseases in School Children
2.1.2 Mode of Contacting Diseases among School Children
2.1.3 Classification of Communicable Diseases
2.1.4 Prevention and control of Communicable Diseases among School Children
2.2 Water and Waterborne Diseases in School Children
2.3 Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Drinking Water
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Study Areas
3.2 Collection of Samples
3.3 Sterilization of Materials
3.4a Culture
3.4b Serial Dilution
3.5 Identification of the Isolates
3.6 Gram Staining Method
3.7 Catalase Test
3.8 Coagulase Test
3.9 Oxidase Test
3.10 Indole Test (Kovac;s Reagent)
3.11 Urease Test
3.12 Citrate Utilization test (Citrate Test)
3.13 Methyl Red Test
3.14 VogesProskauer Test
3.15 Starch Hydrolysis
3.16 Triple Sugar Iron (Sugar Fermentation)
3.17 Microbiological Analysis of the Water Sample
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS
Result
CHAPTER FIVE
Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Discussion
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
REFERENCES
Appendix I
Appendix II
