ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES AND SENNA ALATA ON SKIN MICROORGANISMS

ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES AND SENNA ALATA ON SKIN MICROORGANISMS

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ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES AND SENNA ALATA ON SKIN MICROORGANISMS



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ABSTRACT
Senna alata and Ageratum conyzoides are known for its several therapeutic uses to control infections. The present study investigated the antimicrobial effect of Senna alata and Ageratum conyzoides on skin microorganisms. Sterile swab sticks were used to take samples randomly from 85 students across the Faculty of Science Olabisi Onabanjo University of both gender at different location such as Armpit and foot web, between age ranging from 15 -32 years. The most predominant bacterial isolated were staphylococcus epidermidis which had 60%, while the least occurrence isolates were Micrococcus lateus with 19%. Aspergillus flavus were the predominate fungi isolated from the toes web of subjects from both gender which had 65%, while Penicillium chrysogenum were the least isolated from both gender with 15%. All of the microorganism were resistant at the various concentration of 100mg/ml, 75 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml. This resistant of these isolated organisms might be due to the herbal quality. There is need for more research on the activity of the extr Senna alata and Ageratum conyzoides against a wider range of bacteria and fungi and on the toxicology and further purification of the extracts for isolation of the pure active constituents.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Background to the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Justification of the Study
1.4 Aim of the Study
1.5 Objectives of the Study
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review
2.1 Skin Microbiota
2.2 The Skin Microbiome in Health
2.2.1 Bacteria
2.2.2 Fungi
2.2.3 Viruses
2.3 Skin Microbiome in Disease
2.3.1 Atopic Dermatitis
2.3.2 Psoriasis
2.3.3 Acne Vulgaris
2.3.4 Dandruff
2.3.5 Merkel Cell Carcinoma
2.4 Ageratum Conyzoides
2.4.1 Ethanobotany and Traditional Uses of A. conyzoides
2.4.2 Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Ageratum conyzoides
2.5 Senna alata
2.5.1 Traditional uses
2.5.2 Antibacterial and antifungal activities
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods
3.1 Collection and Identification of Plant Samples
3.2 Collection of Swabs Samples
3.3 Materials and Glassware
3.4 Sterilization and Aseptic Techniques
3.5 Media Used
3.6 Preparation of Plant Extracts
3.7 Isolation and identification of Skin Microorganisms
3.7.1 Microscopic Examination
3.7.2 Biochemical Tests
3.8 Isolation of Fungi 3.9 Antimicrobial Activity
3.9.1 Determination of Antibacterial Activity of Plant Extracts:
CHAPTER FOUR: Results
4.1 Analysis of Participant Information
4.2 Participant Response on Skin Disorder and Treatment
4.3 Morphological Characteristics of Bacteria Isolates
4.4 Biochemical Reaction of Isolated Bacteria from Human Skin
4.5 Colonial Morphology of Suspected Fungi
4.6 Frequency and Percentage Occurrence of Microorganisms Isolated from Armpits
and Toes
4.7 Zone of Inhibition of Senna alata extract, Ageratum conyzoides extract and
Antibiotics against microorganisms Isolated from human skin
CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion, Conclusion And Recommendation
5.1 Discussion
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
References

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