The usual sources of drinking water in most villages is the streams, rivers, well and if available pipe borne which are mostly untreated and associated with various health risks. This study is therefore conducted to investigate comparative analysis of pipeborne water and other water sources in Ijebu-North, Ogun State. The microbial load was determined by serial dilution and spread plate techniques while the isolation and identification of bacteria were carried out using standard microbiological methods. A total of sixteen samples were collected from four sources of water which included pipeborne water, well water, stream water and rain water. A total of thirty bacteria belonging to six genera were isolated from the various water samples. The total viable count ranged from 1.1 x 106 to 4.1 x 106 from the various water sample collected. The highest count was observed in stream water collected from Ago-Iwoye with 4.1 x 106 while the lowest viable count was observed in pipe borne water collected from Ijebu-Igbo with 1.1 x 106. The total coliform count ranged from 1.1 x 105 to 3.2 x 105 from the various water sample. The highest count was observed in stream water collected from Ijebu-Igbo with 3.2 x 105 while the lowest count was observed in pipe borne water collected from Ago-Iwoye with 1.1 x 105. The bacteria organisms isolated in their decreasing order are Escherichia coli, 8 (13.4%), Staphylococcus aureus, 5 (16.7%), Salmonella spp., 5 (16.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 4 (13.4%), Shigella spp., (13.4%) and Bacillus spp., 4 (13.4%). The microbial analysis showed that pipe borne water though contained some microorganisms, it is safer for drinking than other sources of water sampled in this study. Other source of water should be treated before consumption while protection and management of water should be put in place in order to improve the quality of water supply.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Aim of the Study
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Justification of the Study
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review
2.1 Water and Health
2.2 Water Quality Standards
2.3 Quality of Drinking Water
2.4 The Importance of Water Quality
2.5 Waterborne Pathogen and Transmission of Enteric Bacteria
2.6 Survival of Enteric Bacteria in Water
2.7 The Effects of Poor Water Quality on Humans Health
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Method
3.1 Description of Study Area
3.2 Collection of Samples
3.3 Materials Used
3.4 Sterilization of Glasswares
3.5 Media Used
3.6 Media Preparation
3.7 Microbiological Analysis
3.7.1 Serial Dilution
3.7.2 Total Viable Count Determination
3.7.3 Total Viable Count
3.7.4 Identification and Characterization of Isolated Bacteria
3.7.4.1 Morphological characteristics of the colonies
3.7.4.2 Biochemical Characterization
3.7.4.3 Microscopic Identification of Bacteria
3.7.4.4 Catalase Test
3.7.4.5 Methyl Red Test
3.7.4.6 Oxidase Test
3.7.4.7 Citrate Utilization Test
3.7.4.8 Indole Production Test
3.7.4.9 Urease Test
CHAPTER FOUR: Results
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Discussion
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
References
Appendix
LIST OF TABLES
1 Total Viable Count of Isolates from the Water Samples
2 Total Coliform Count of Different Source of Water Samples
3 Morphological Characterization of Bacteria Isolated on Selective Agar
4 Biochemical Reaction of Bacterial Organisms Isolated from the various Water Samples
LIST OF FIGURES
1 Percentage Occurrence of Organism
