50 Pages, Chapter 1-5
MS Word
08062235854
Bathrooms comprise of integrated toilet facilities and sinks for other related washings. Droplets from flushing contain pathogen including faecal matter and aerosol, due to the mechanism of flushing these aerosol and faecal matter splatter onto floor, partitions, walls and air and the bathroom is suspected to have the highest concentration and variety of bacteria because of everyday use.This study was conducted to determine the microbial contamination (bacterial and fungal) of local and tiled bathroom in Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria.Forty swab samples were collected from the wall and floor of local and tiled bathroom and were cultured in the laboratory microbiologically. The bacterial isolates were examined and identified biochemically by standard bacteriological methods. The fungal isolates were identified by their colonial morphology and microscopic characteristics.The percentage occurrence of the bacterial isolates in this study were as follows: Staphylococcus aureus6(15.88%),Klebsiella pneumonia 4(10.5%), Lactobaccilusspp3(7.89%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa4(10.5%), Bacillus cereus 2(5.26%), Bacillus subtilis5(13.5%), Micrococcus spp 2(5.26%), Proteus mirabilis 2(5.26%), Streptococcus spp 5(13.15%), Escherichia Coli 3(7.89%) and Enterococcus faecalis2(5.26%). The number and percentage occurrence of isolated fungal organisms recovered from bathroom are Aspergillusniger3(11.53%), Fusariumoxysporum 2(7.69%), Neurosporaspp. 3(11.53%), Rhizopus spp. 4(15.39%), Penicillium spp. 4(15.39%), Aspergillusflavus 2(7.69%), Cladosporumspp. 4(15.39%), Aspergillusfumigatus 2(7.69%) and Fusarium spp. 2(7.69%). Eleven and nine distinct bacterial and fungal organisms were recovered respectively.The study clearly revealed that pathogenic bacteria and fungi were present in the local and tiled bathroom which indicates high risk of been infected in the bathroom by these microorganisms. The study clearly indicates risk involved in poor sanitation of the bathroom which contribute to spread of infection in the bathroom. Poor hygienic practices by people using the bathroom and misuse of disinfectant in the cleaning of the bathroom might be the cause of this risk.Government should enlighten the society on proper ways of cleaning bathroom and enforce strict discipline on occupant who refuse to adhere to the standard and regulation of cleaning bathroom. Seminar or workshops should be encouraged by government bodies to increase the awareness of hygienic cleaning of bathroom. The provision of sinks/taps and soap should be enforced in the bathroom because bathroom is not only meant for bathing and hand washing is a life-saver and a cost-effective intervention. Additionally posters which encourage users to wash their hands after usage should be placed at vantage point in the bathroom. This will grossly reduce the risk of infection the bathroom.
Keywords: Microbial contamination, Local bathroom, Tiled bathroom, Infection, poor hygiene, Microorganism.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
1.2 Objective of the Study
1.3 Justification
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sanitation and Bathroom
2.2 Potential Role of Bathroom as Vector for Transmission ofInfectious Disease
2.3 Microbes in Indoor Environments
2.4 Moisture Damage and Microbes
2.4.1 Microbial Growth on Building Materials
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.3 Sterilization of Materials
3.5 Identification of the Isolates
CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion and Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References
Appendix I
Appendix II
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGE
4.1 Total Bacterial and Fungal Isolates from Wall and
Floor of Local Bathroom 23
4.2 Total Bacterial and Fungal Isolates from Tilled
Bathroom Floor and Wall 25
4.3 Biochemical Reactions of Bacterial Organisms
Isolates from Local and Tiled Bathroom 27
