35 Pages, Chapter 1-5
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Bryophytes belong to the group of the oldest known land plants, recognized as the basal or first diverging lineage of land plants, which includes liverworts, hornworts and mosses. The present study was carried out to assess the antimicrobial activity of Racopilium tomentosa and Mastigolejeunea auriculata on Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Lactobacter. Various solvent fractions of selected bryophytes were obtained and concentrated on water bath. Antimicrobial effect of these fractions was determined by Agar well method on different pathogenic microorganisms. The result was then compared with the standard antibiotics Ciprotab, Ampicillin and Nystatin (50 µg/mL). Phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract was carried out. The plant extracts showed remarkable inhibitory activity on the growth of microorganisms. The highest degree of antibacterial activity against all pathogenic microorganisms was shown by the n-Hexane extract of the two plants. In conclusion the ethanolic, acetone and n-Hexane extract of M. auriculata and R. tomentosum were found to be effective on the microorganisms, therefore the study focuses on medicinal significance of bryophytes.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1: DESCRIPTION OF Racopilium tomentosum
2.2: DESCRIPTION OF Mastigolejeunea auriculata
2.3: ORIGIN OF BRYOPHYTE
2.4: USES OF BRYOPHYTE
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.0: SAMPLE COLLECTION
3.1: COLLECTION OF ORGANISMS
3.2: PREPARATION OF EXTRACTS
3.3: ANTIMICROBIAL ASSAY
3.4: PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
LIST OF TABLES
1 Table showing the various solvent used and their quantity for maceration
2 Showing total and percentage yield of various solvent used for maceration
3a Zone of inhibition of R. tomentosum & M. auriculata against Lactobacter
3b Zone of inhibition of R. tomentosum & M. auriculata against S. epidermidis
3c: Zone of inhibition of R. tomentosum & M. auriculata against A. flavus
3d: Zone of inhibition of R. tomentosum & M. auriculata against A. fumigatus
3e: Zone of inhibition of antibiotics against pathogenic microorganisms
4 Phytochemical screening of ethanoic extract of R. tomentosum and M. auriculata
LIST OF FIGURES
1 Antibacterial activity of R. tomentosum against Lactobacter
2 Antibacterial activity of R. tomentosum against Staphylococcus epidermidis
3 Antifungal activity of R. tomentosum against Aspergillus flavus
4 Antifungal activity of R. tomentosum against Aspergillus fumigatus
5 Antibacterial activity of M. auriculata against Lactobacter
6 Antibacterial activity of M. auriculata against Staphylococcus epidermidis
7 Antifungal activity of M. auriculata against Aspergillus flavus
8 Antifungal activity of M. auriculata against Aspergillus fumigatus
9 Antibacterial activity of antibiotics against Lactobacter & S. epidermidis
10 Antifungal activity of antibiotics against A. flavus and A. fumigatus
