ABSTRACT
The antibacterial activity of some local cosmetic products on selected bacteria was investigated. The clinical cultures used in the study were Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp. and Klebsiella spp. The local cosmetic products used for antibacterial assay were extracted using ethanol and aqueous. Bacterial cultures for the inhibitory effect of the samples for different concentration of 25%, 50% and 100% was performed by using agar well diffusion method. The cosmetics were more effective in their ethanolic extract at concentrations of 25mg/ml, 50mg/ml and 100mg/ml than aqueous extract. Aloe vera and black soap were more effective compare to other local cosmetics used. Having the lowest zone of inhibition of 6mm and 16mm each at 25mg/ml and the highest zone of inhibition of 16mm and 22mm respectively at 100mg/ml in their ethanoic state. Black soap was more effective in its aqueous extracts against all isolates with lowest inhibition of 6mm at 25mg/ml and highest inhibition of 20mm at 50mg/ml. Also the result antibacterial assay (MIC and MBC) indicated that all extracts showed bactericidal activities. It was observed that almost all the extracts retained a lesser MICs value in their ethanoic state. The MBC value of black soap against these organisms entirely coincident with the MIC (25mg/ml). Finally it is recommend that the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and the Consumers Protection Council (CPC) should rise up to their responsibility of ensuring that the ingredient listed on the containers of these deodorants and their concentrations are actually corresponding to their real contents to avoid deceiving the poor masses.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: Introduction
1.1 Justification of the Study
1.2 Aim of the Study
1.3 Objectives of the Study
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review
2.1 Meaning and Overview of Cosmetics
2.2 Natural Products as Cosmetics
2.3 Antimicrobial Activities of Natural Cosmetic Products
2.4 Cosmetics and Antioxidant Components
2.4 Contamination of Cosmetics
2.5 Different Local Cosmetic Products
2.5.1 Camwood
2.5.2 African Black soap
2.5.3 Lemon grass
2.5.4 Coconut oil
2.5.5 Aloe vera
2.5.6 Shea butter
2.5.7 Palm Kernel
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Method
3.1 Sample Collection
3.2 Material Used
3.3 Sterilization of Glassware
3.4 Media Preparation
3.5 Preparation of Plant Extract
3.6 Test Organisms
3.7 Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity
3.7.1 Suspension of Tests Organisms
2.8 Minimal Inhibitory Concentration and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration Test
CHAPTER FOUR: Results
CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion and Conclusion
5.1 Discussion
5.2 Conclusion
References
