ABSTRACT
Wound infection is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and antibiotics resistant bacteria are the great part of complications on treatment of the infection. The present study was conducted to isolate, identify bacteria organisms associated with wound infections and to assess the effect of Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf) on the isolates.
The study was carried out on wound infection suspected patients visiting Ijebu-ode General Hospital. Out of the samples collected, 67 was collected from male patients between the age of 5 to 25 years while 33 was collected from female between the age of 1 to 25 years. The collected pus specimen were first observed macroscopically then streaked on MacConkey agar and Centrimide agar, incubated at 370C for 24 hours. The isolated bacteria were identified by macroscopic and microscopic observations and biochemical reactions. The antimictobial susceptibility of the plant extract was done using agar well diffusion while antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was assessed by Modified Kirby Baur disc diffusion technique.
A total number of one hundred (100) bacteria organisms were isolated in this study. The organisms isolated include; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest occurrence with 38 (29%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus 29(29%), Klebsiella pneumoiae 21(21%) and Bacillus subtilis 9(9%). The least occurrence was Escherichia coli with 3(3%). Aqueous and ethanol solution of Ocimum gratissimu extract did not inhibit the growth of the isolated bacteria. However, the isolated bacteria were subjected to some common antibiotics such as Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin and Ampicillin. Ampicillin did not inhibit the growth of the isolated bacteria while ciprofloxacin inhibit the growth of all the isolated bacteria. Gentamycin inhibit the growth of all the bacteria isolates except Staphylococcus aurues.
Plant are known to be good source of treatment but there must be confirmation that it can treat the infection before it can be used. Further studies can be conducted on different extract to ascertain the effect of plants extract on bacteria associated with wound infection.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study
1.3.1 Aim of the Study
1.3.2 Objective of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review
2.1 Ocimum gratissimum
2.1.1 Traditional Uses
2.1.3 Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity
2.2 The Human Skin and Wound
2.3 Prevalence of wound infection
2.4 Type of bacteria that cause wound infections
2.5 Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria causing wound infection
2.6 Management of septic wounds with antibiotics
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods
3.1 Collection of Sample
3.2 Material and Apparatus Used
3.3 Sterilization of Glasswares
3.4 Media Used 7
3.5 Media Preparation
3.6 Isolation of Wound Bacterial Isolates
3.6.1 Culture of Sample
3.7 Identification of Isolates
3.8 Morphological and Biochemical Characterization
3.8.1 Gram Staining
3.8.2 Catalase Test
3.8.3 Oxidase Test
3.8.4 Citrate Utilisation Test
3.8.5 Indole Test
3.9 Antibacterial susceptibility testing of the plant extracts
3.10 Antibiotics Test
CHAPTER FOUR: Results
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Discussion
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
References
Appendix
