A study of genetic diversity of African honey bee (Apis mellifera adansonii) was carried out on twenty two (22) bee colonies from four (4) different bee farms in Ogun environ. The extracted DNA was pure and of good quality using modified Murray and Thompson technique (1980). The worker bee samples were amplified using seven (7) primers (A81, A29, A113, A107, A107, A14, IC1 and B124). A total of 81 bands amplified for all primers except B124 that showed no bands. 80 bands were polymorphic, while 1 was monomorphic, the polymorphic bands ranged between 10 and 16 per primer. The bands were scored for their presence (1) and absence (0), the score was then used in constructing a dendogram. Factorial analysis further confirmed the genetic variability of all the honeybee samples from the 22 colonies. The genetic composition of the worker bees of Apis mellifera adansonii in Ijebu environ using sample sequence repeat (SSR) revealed that no two (2) sample of the population has the same genetic composition, yet they all belong to a genetic lineage.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Classification of honeybee
1.2 Stages of development
CHAPTER TWO:
2.0 Literature review
2.1 Genetic diversity of Apis mellifera
2.2 Morphological analysis of Apis mellifera
2.3 Molecular analysis of Apis mellifera
2.3.1 PCR based method
2.3.2 Non-PCR based methods
CHAPTER THREE:
3.0 Materials
3.1 Methods
3.1.1 Collection of samples
3.1.2 Sampling and DNA extraction
3.1.3 Dilution of primers
3.1.4 Amplification and gel electrophoresis
3.1.5 Data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR:
4.0 Results
4.1 Plates and Tables
4.2 Dendogram
4.3 Factorial analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Discussion
5.1 Conclusion
References
Appendix
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Roles of bees depending on gender
Table 2: Classical morphometrics and routine
Table 3: Preparation of buffer
Table 4: Dilution of primer
Table 5: Scoring sheet showing amplification of primer A81
Table 6: Scoring sheet showing amplification of primer A29
Table 7: Scoring sheet showing amplification of primer IC1
Tables 8: Scoring sheet showing amplification of primer A113
Table 9: Scoring sheet showing amplification of primer A107
Table 10: Scoring sheet showing amplification of primer A14
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Development of markers
Figure 2: Queen bee
Figure 3: Worker bee
Figure 4: Drone bee
Figure 5: Dendogram showing the relationship of similarities and
differences among the 22 samples of worker bees
Figure 6: Factorial analysis showing the genetic diversity of 44 worker
bee samples based on their genetic diversity.
Figure 7: Factorial analysis showing the genetic diversity of 44 worker
bee samples based on their genetic diversity and locations.
Figure 8: Statistical analysis
LIST OF PLATES
Plate 1: Amplification of 44 worker bee samples using primer B124
Plate 2: Amplification of 44 worker bee samples using primer A81
Plate 3: Amplification of 44 worker bee samples using primer A29
Plate 4: Amplification of 44 worker bee samples using primer IC1
Plate 5: Amplification of 44 worker bee samples using primer A113
Plate 6: Amplification of 44 worker bee samples using primer A107
Plate 7: Amplification of 44 worker bee samples using primer A14
