EVALUATION OF YELLOW AND WHITE MAIZE (Zea mays) S1 LINES FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE, YIELD POTENTIAL AND OTHER AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS

The research was carried out with a view to identify and evaluate the best performing S1 lines and to determine their potential as parents in production of a superior hybrid/ variety. The experiment was conducted in the breeding Nursery at Southern farm of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor plantation Ibadan. During the rainy crop season, 20 new S1 maize lines, 10 white (MP 4-7-W,  6-1-W, MP 7-W-2, MP 8-4-W, MP 9-7-W, MP 10-W-8, MP 11-W-3, MP 13-7-W, MP 14-4-W, MP 15-11-W) and 10 yellow (MPN 2-3-Y, MP 5-6-Y, MP 7-2-Y, MP 8-3-Y, MP 10-6-Y, MP 12-1-Y, MP 14-1-Y, MP 15-2-Y, MP 16-Y. MP 18-4-Y) including BR9928DMR yellow O.P and BR9943 white which serves as testers. The statistical analysis revealed that test crosses differed significantly for all the characters studied. Traits possessing highest correlations with grain yield such as plant height and ear height can be chosen as superior characters to help improve maize grain yield, which is the ultimate goal in most breeding programmes. The study clearly identified 3 yellow S1 lines that have yield potentials greater than 3.00t/ha, which are MP 8-3-Y(3.14t/ha), MP 16-Y(3.31t/ha) and MP 2-3-Y( 3.59t/ha), and 3 white S1 lines with yield potential in excess of 3.00t/ha and which are MP 7-2-W (3.47t/ha), MP 8-4-W (3.16t/ha) and MP 9-7-W (3.18t/ha) with promising hybrids.

Keywords: Maize, Grain yield, Crosses, Silking, Hybrids

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE                                                                                                                 

1.0       INTRODUCTION

1.1       Maize Types

1.2       Nutritional Value

1.3       Medicinal Uses

1.4       Germplasm Varieties

1.5       Geographic Origin and Distribution

1.6       Maize Production

1.7       Taxonomy

1.8       AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

1.9       JUSTIFICATION

CHAPTER TWO                                                                                                                

LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER THREE                                                                                                

MATERIALS AND METHOD

CHAPTER FOUR                                                                                                   

RESULTS

CHAPTER FIVE                                                                                                                

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

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EXTRACTION OF DYE FROM (Cola nitida) KOLANUT

The project research eyes all about production of dyes from kola nut using alcohol (ethanol) as the extraction solvent. The kola nut was washed, pounded using a mortal and a pestle. The sample was weighed and then extracted with ethanol over a hot plate of a known temperature for a period of about 30 minutes, until the colour pigment was completely extracted from the kola nut sample. The percentage extraction of dyes stuff from the kola nut was determined to be 45.18 as well as the moisture content of the kola nut sample. Also the dyestuff was tested to be acidic, a pH meter 6.94, the colour obtained from the kola dye was deep orange and when applied on a Fabric it gives a brighter colour (cola pink) and is one of the shades of colour extracted from kola nut. Finally test for dyeing, light, washing was conducted on the fabric dyed.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction

1.1       Importance of the species

1.2     Dye

1.2.1    Natural dyes

1.2.2 Synthetic Dyes

CHAPTER TWO

2.1    Literature Review (Dye)

2.2       Literature Review (Kola)

2.2.1    Dye substrate affinity

2.2.2    Dye for polyamides and protein

2.2.3    Dyes for cationic polymers

2.2.4 Dyes for cellulosic polymers

2.3       Basis for color

2.4       Dyes for polyester

2.5       Hair dyes

2.6       Aims and objectives

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Materials and Method

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1       Result and Discussion